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Пред. 21.02.05, 12:31   #1
Magnus Maximus
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Найди 10 ошибок: Война Гнева (заметки на полях)

Великая Битва, или Война Гнева, или Последняя Битва, или Грозная Битва

Эта война длилась будто бы 50 лет (547-597 гг.), отчего ее называют также Долгой Битвой. Подготовка к войне заняла еще десять лет (533-543 гг.). Собственно, Эарендил приплыл в Валинор в 542 г. (после чего «the host of the Valar prepared for battle»), но следует учитывать и эту заметку: «The last intervention with physical force by the Valar, ending in the breaking of Thangorodrim, may then be viewed as not in fact reluctant or even unduly delayed, but timed with precision».
Собственно военные действия начались в 547 г. Иные источники, однако, относят начало войны к 545 г., а ее окончание, соответственно, к 587 г.
В составе войска Валинора не было ни одного из эльфов Средиземья. О численности армии Валар, однако, подробных указаний нет, исключая эпические повествования о том, что были воины Амана «юны и прекрасны и грозны», и «горы звенели под их поступью». Говорится лишь, что знамена у них были белыми, а составили это войско ваньяр (под началом Ингвиела (Ингвила, Ингвиона), сына Ингве) и те нолдор, что никогда не покидали Валинора (под началом Финарфина, сына Финве). Телери ограничились тем, что предоставили флот («бесчисленное множество кораблей») и моряков, которые перевезли войска в Средиземье, но в военных действиях не участвовали. Однако, в состав армии были включены (уже в Средиземье) остатки людей из Трех Домов эдайн, друзей эльфов, и они сражались на стороне Валар. Верховным главнокомандующим был майа Эонве, вестник Манве.
Еще меньше известий осталось о вооруженных силах Моргота. Сообщается, что Анфауглит не мог вместить всю его армию, но данное заявление необходимо расценивать как эпическое преувеличение. Впрочем, даже с учетом этого, ясно, что войска Мелькора имели определенное (хотя и далеко не подавляющее) численное преимущество (однако, отметим, что «Morgoth though locally triumphant had neglected most of Middle-earth during the war; and by it he had in fact been weakened: in power and prestige … and above all in mind»), не говоря уже о лучшей боевой подготовке (воевали всю эпоху, в отличие от эльфов Валинора), знании местности и наличии такой мощной крепости, как Ангбанд. У Мелькора были Балроги, драконы, тролли (?), орки и немало людей: истерлинги – как потомки воинов Ульдора, так и, особенно, новые пришельцы с востока.
Итак, в 547 г. армия Валар высадилась в «Элдоресте», или «Эглоресте» (правильно Эгларест, самая южная Гавань Фаласа на побережье Белерианда). Поскольку Эгларест был разрушен в 473 г., речь явно идет о его руинах. Ингвиел «отбросил орков от берега». Возможно, Моргот, не располагая полной информацией, не успел перебросить в район десанта крупные силы, что позволило эльфам одержать победу.
Затем Эонве двинулся в Белерианд, оттесняя вглубь страны орков и Балрогов. В конечном счете, он стал лагерем у Сириона (he camped beside Sirion) – «воды Сириона лежали между войсками».
На протяжении трех лет в лагерь Эонве стекались союзники: люди (эдайн и меньшая часть истерлингов Хитлума), а также, согласно «Поздним анналам Белерианда», эльфы (что противоречит поздней традиции, отрицающей участие эльфов Белерианда в войне) и гномы, а также «звери и птицы». Многие, однако, не подчинились призыву Вестника Манве и встали на сторону Моргота – возможно, даже (как и в 3434 г. Второй эпохи), что небольшой отряд гномов тогда сражался на стороне Темного Владыки.
Некоторые тексты упоминают о присутствии армии Валар в Хитлуме (Great was Morgoth’s amaze when this host came upon him from the West, and all Hithlum was ablaze with its glory…). Однако, там, по всей вероятности, действовал лишь отдельный отряд, больше старавшийся перетянуть на свою сторону заселявших этот регион истерлингов (… and he summoned unto him all Men and Elves from Hithlum unto the East…), а также, очевидно, по мере сил, препятствовавший (без особого успеха) вербовке их эмиссарами Моргота.
Итак, стороны собирались с силами на протяжении трех лет. Только в 550 г. Эонве счел возможным возобновить наступление. Ему сопутствовал успех. По некоторым свидетельствам, даже сам Моргот был вынужден покинуть свою северную твердыню и пересечь Дортонион, чтобы присоединиться к своим воинам. Но больше оснований предположить, что это был лишь слух, и в действительности Мелькор так и не покинул свою крепость.
Скорее всего, битва разворачивалась в районе лесов Бретиля и Нелдорета (ср.: «and his trumpets from the sea ring in the western woods» – но скорее это Таур-эн-Фарот), а войска Мелькора могла занимать долину Нан-Дунгортеб, опираясь на горы Таур-ну-Фуин и защищая Проход Сириона. Армия Эонве, невзирая на ожесточенное сопротивление противника, переправилась через Сирион. Однако, трудно поверить в то, что, поскольку «эта война длилась пятьдесят лет от высадки» Эонве, на попытки перехода Сириона ушло 47 лет (550-597 гг.). Скорее, Моргот удерживал водный рубеж за собой не более нескольких лет, если не месяцев. Основная часть 47-летнего периода, возможно, ушла на осаду Ангбанда.
Перейдя реку, армия Валар, очевидно, вступила в генеральное сражение, решившее исход войны. Эта битва состоялась, вероятно, на равнине Анфауглита. Достоверной и полной информации об этом, несомненно, величайшем сражении Первой эпохи, не осталось. Балроги «были уничтожены», но каким образом? «Несметные» легионы орков «погибли подобно соломе в сильном огне, или были сметены, словно сухие листья под огненным ветром», но снова возникает вопрос – как всё это происходило? Часть орков и один Балрог все же уцелели в войне.
Моргот уже терпел поражение, его армии были оттеснены к Ангбанду. (Не исключено, что подразумевается не только итог полевого сражения, но и последствия длительной и успешной осады Ангбанда.) Но на последнем этапе войны он «внезапно» выпустил из Ангбанда крылатых драконов – впервые за всю историю Войн Белерианда. Это мощное «секретное оружие» позволило ему одержать тактический успех («последняя вылазка»). Войско Валар было на какое-то время (for a moment) отброшено назад, на пески Анфауглита. Но затем Эонве получил подкрепления – в лице Эарендила на его корабле «Вингилот» и сгруппировавшихся кругом него «больших небесных птиц» (орлов Торондора) – и перешел в контрнаступление. Битва в воздухе шла весь день и продолжалась ночью, но перед рассветом второго дня Эарендил убил сильнейшего из драконов, Анкалогона Черного, а затем были уничтожены и остальные драконы, за исключением двух, бежавших на восток. Очевидно, в этот же день был взят Ангбанд и пленен сам Моргот.
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Пред. 22.02.05, 19:07   #2
Helgi of Lipetsk
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О Войне Гнева так мало говорится, что лучше было бы для начала собрать все сообщения воедино, а потом уже разбираться в них. Скажем, вспомнить о "множестве злых племен людей, призванных Морготом с востока в последние годы войны с ним". О вероятном участии нандор Малгалада. О пророчестве Садора Лабадала насчет освобождения Хитлума.

Что касается сражения на Сирионе - все-таки, нескольких лет. Решающее "жестокое" сражение. И очень маловероятно, что бои происходили в основном к югу от Дортониона. Район Тол Сирион всегда был стратегическим, основные направления продвижения армий - северо-восток и юго-запад.
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Пред. 09.03.05, 14:31   #3
Magnus Maximus
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Источники? Пжалста!

I. THE HISTORY OF ERIOL OR AELFWINE AND THE END OF THE TALES. Vol. 2.
“(1) Coming of the Eldar. Encampment in the Land of Willows of first host. Overwhelming of Noldorin and Valwe. Wanderings of Noldorin with his harp.
Tulkas overthrows Melko in the battle of the Silent Pools. Bound in Lumbi and guarded by Gorgumoth the hound of Mandos.
Release of the Noldoli. War with Men as soon as Tulkas and: Noldorin have fared back to Valinor. Noldoli led to Valinor by Egalmoth and Galdor”.
NOTES:
There have been previous references in the Lost Tales to a battle in Tasarinan, the Land of Willows: in the Tale of Turambar (pp. 70, 140), and, most notably, in The Fall of Condolin (p. 154), where when Tuor's sojourn in that land is described there is mention of events that would take place there in the future…
The only one of the great Valar who is mentioned in these notes as taking part in the expedition to the Great Lands is Tulkas; but whatever story underlay his presence, despite the anger and sorrow of the. Valar at the March of the Elves (see p.257), is quite irrecoverable. (A very faint hint concerning it is found in two isolated notes: “Tulkas gives – or the Elves take limpe with them”, and “Limpe’ given by the Gods (Orome? Tulkas?) when Elves left Valinor”, cf. The Flight of the Noldoli (I.166): “no limpe had they [the Noldoli] as yet to bring away, for that was not given to the fairies until long after, when the March of Liberation was undertaken)”. According to (1) above Tulkas fought with and overthrew Melko “in the battle of the Silent Pools”, and the Silent Pools are the Pools of Twilight, “where Tulkas after fought with Melko’s self” (The Fall of Condolin, p.195; the original reading here was “Noldorin and Tulkas”). The name Lumbi is found elsewhere (in a list of names associated with the tale of The Coming of the Valar, I.93), where it is said to be Melko's third dwelling; and a jotting in notebook C, sufficiently mysterious, reads: “Lumfad. Melko’s dwelling after release. Castle of Lumbi”. But this story also is lost.
The only other statement concerning these events is found in the first of the four outlines that constitute Gilfanon’s Tale, which I there called “A” (I.234). This reads:
“(3) March of the Elves out into the world. The capture of Noldorin. The camp in the Land of Willows. Army of Tulkas at the Pools of Twilight...... .. and [?many] Gnomes, but Men fall on them out of Hisilome. Defeat of Melko. Breaking of Angamandi and release of captives. Hostility of Men. The Gnomes collect some of the jewels. Elwing and most of the Elves go back to dwell in Tol Eressea. The Gods will not let them dwell in Valinor”.
NOTES:
This seems to differ from (1) in the capture of Noldorin and in the attack of Men from Hisilome before the defeat of Melko; but the most notable statement is that concerning the refusal of the Gods to allow the Elves to dwell in Valinor. There is no reason to think that this ban rested only, or chiefly, on the Noldoli. The text, (3), does not refer specifically to the Gnomes in this connection; and the ban is surely to be related to “the sorrow and wrath of the Gods” at the time of the March of the Elves (p.253). Further, it is said in The Cottage of Lost Play (I.16) that Ingil son of Inwe returned to Tol Eressea with “most of the fairest and the wisest, most of the merriest and the kindest, of all the Eldar”… This is quite clearly to be connected with the statement in (3) that “Most of the Elves go back to dwell in Tol Eressea”, and with that given on p.255: “The wars with Men and the departure to Tol Eressea (the Eldar unable to endure the strife of the world)”. These indications taken together leave no doubt, I think, that my father's original conception was of the Eldar of Valinor undertaking the expedition into the Great Lands against the will of the Valar; together with the rescued Noldoli they returned over the Ocean, but being refused re-entry into Valinor they settled in Tol Eressea, as “the Exiles of Kor”. That some did return in the end to Valinor may be concluded from the words of Meril-i-Turinqi that Ingil, who built Kortirion, “went long ago back to Valinor and is with Manwe”. But Tol Eressea remained the land of the fairies in the early conception, the Exiles of Kor, Eldar and Gnomes, speaking both Eldarissa and Noldorissa. It seems that there is nothing else to be found or said concerning the original story of the coming of aid out of the West and the renewed assault on Melko.
* The conclusion of the whole story as originally envisaged was to be rejected in its entirety. For it we are very largely dependent on the outline in notebook C, continuing on from citation (1) above; this is extremely rough and disjointed, and is given here in a very slightly edited form.


II. TURAMBAR AND THE FOALOKE. Vol. 2.
“Now all folk gathered here know that this is the story of Turambar and the Foaloke, and it is”, said he, “a favourite tale among Men, and tells of very ancient days of that folk before the Battle of Tasarinan when first Men entered the dark vales of Hisilome…”
NOTES:
II) The Battle of Tasarinan.
It is said at the beginning of the present tale (p. 70) that it “tells of very ancient days of that folk [Men] before the Battle of Tasarinan when first Men entered the dark vales of Hisilome”. On the face of it this offers an extreme contradiction, since it is said many times that Men were shut in Hisilome at the time of the Battle of Unnumbered Tears, and the Tale of Turambar takes place – must take place – after that battle. The solution lies, however, in an ambiguity in the sentence just cited. My father did not mean that this was a tale of Men in ancient days of that folk before they entered Hisilome; he meant “this is a tale of the ancient days when Men first entered Hisilome – long before the Battle of Tasarinan”.
Tasarinan is the Land of Willows, Nan-tathren in The Silmarillion; the early word-lists or dictionaries give the “Elvish” form tasarin “willow” and the Gnomish tathrin*. The Battle of Tasarinan took place long after, in the course of the great expedition from Valinor for the release of the enslaved Noldoli in the Great Lands. See pp. 219-20.
(*Tasarinan survived as the Quenya name without change: “the willow-meads of Tasarinan” in Treebeard's song in The Two Towers.)


III. THE FALL OF GONDOLIN. Vol. 2.
(IV) Noldorin in the Land of Willows.
“Did not even after the days of Tuor Noldorin and his Eldar come there seeking for Dor Lomin and the hidden river and the caverns of the Gnomes’ imprisonment; yet thus nigh to their quest’s end were like to abandon it? Indeed sleeping and dancing here... they were whelmed by the goblins sped by Melko from the Hills of Iron and Noldorin made bare escape thence” (p.154). This was the Battle of Tasarinan, mentioned in the Tale of Turambar (pp.70, 140), at the time of the great expedition of the Elves from Kor. Cf. Lindo’s remark in The Cottage of Lost Play (I.16) that his father Valwe “went with Noldorin to find the Gnomes”. Noldorin (Salmar, companion of Ulmo) is also said in the tale to have fought beside Tulkas at the Pools of Twilight against Melko himself, though his name was struck out (p. 195 and note 38); this was after the Battle of Tasarinan. On these battles see pp. 278 ff.


IV. THE EARLIEST “SILMARILLION”. (THE “SKETCH OF THE MYTHOLOGY”) (C. 1926-1930) – “S”. VOL. 4.
18. The march of Fionwe into the North is then told, and of the Terrible or Last Battle. The Balrogs are all destroyed, and the Orcs destroyed or scattered. Morgoth himself makes a last sally with all his dragons; but they are destroyed, all save two which escape, by the sons of the Valar, and Morgoth is overthrown and bound (1) and his iron crown is made into a collar for his neck. The two Silmarils are rescued. The Northern and Western parts of the world are rent and broken in the struggle (2).
The Gods and Elves release Men from Hithlum, and march through the lands summoning the remnants of the Gnomes and Ilkorins to join them. All do so except the people of Maidros…
1. Added here: by the chain Angainor.
2. Added here: and the fashion of their lands altered (late pencilled addition).
NOTES:
The story in S now … comes to the march of Fionwe and the Last Battle (a term that is used in S both of the Last Battle in the mythological record, in which the hosts of Valinor overthrew Morgoth, and of the Last Battle of the world, declared in prophecy, when Morgoth will come back through the Door and Fionwe will fight him on the plains of Valinor). Almost all of this now enters the mythology for the first time; and almost all of what very little survives from the earliest period on the subject of the March of the Elves of Valinor (II.278-80) has disappeared. There is no mention of Tulkas, of his battle with Melko, of Noldorin, of the hostility of Men; virtually the only point in common is that after the overthrow of Morgoth Elves depart into the West. In the old story the Silmarils play no part at the end (cf. the jotting “What became of the Silmarils after the capture of Melko?” II.259); but now in S there appear the lineaments of a story concerning their fate. Now also we have the first mention anywhere of the breaking of the Northwestern world in the struggle to overthrow Morgoth; and (in an addition to the text) the chain Angainor appears from the Lost Tales. (Angainor is not named in the earlier passage in S ($ 2) concerning the binding of Morgoth. It appears (later) in the Lay of Leithian, in a puzzling reference to “the chain Angainor that ere Doom/for Morgoth shall by Gods be wrought”; see III.205, 209-210.)


V. QUENTA NOLDORINWA (Q) (AFTER S, BEFORE SILMARILLION’ 1937). VOL. 4.
18. [The whole of this section is again extant in the two typescript versions Q I and Q II.]
Of the march of Fionwe to the North little is said, for in that host there were none of the Elves who had dwelt and suffered in the Outer Lands, and who made these tales; and tidings only long after did they learn of these things from their distant kinsfolk the Elves of Valinor. The meeting of the hosts of Fionwe and of Morgoth in the North is named the Last Battle, the Battle Terrible, the Battle of Wrath and Thunder. Great was Morgoth’s amaze when this host came upon him from the West, and all Hithlum was ablaze with its glory, and the mountains rang; for he had thought that he had estranged the Gnomes for ever from the Gods and from their kin, and that content in their blissful realm the Gods would heed no further his kingdom in the world without. For heart that is pitiless counts not the power that pity hath; nor foresees that of gentle ruth for anguish and for valour overthrown stern anger may be forged, and a lightning kindled before which mountains fall.
There was marshalled the whole power of the Throne of Hate, and well nigh measureless had it become, so that Dor-na-Fauglith might by no means contain it, and all the North was aflame with war. But it availed not. All the Balrogs were destroyed, and the uncounted hosts of the Orcs perished like straw in fire, or were swept away like shrivelled leaves before a burning wind. Few remained to trouble the world thereafter. And Morgoth himself came forth, and all his dragons were about him; and Fionwe for a moment was driven back. But the sons of the Valar in the end overthrew them all, and but two escaped. Morgoth escaped not. Him they threw down, and they bound him with the chain Angainor, wherewith Tulkas had chained him aforetime, and whence in unhappy hour the Gods had released him; but his iron crown they beat into a collar for his neck, and his head was bowed unto his knees. The Silmarils Fionwe took and guarded them.
Thus perished the power and woe of Angband in the North and its multitude of captives came forth into the light again beyond all hope, and looked upon a world all changed. Thangorodrim was riven and cast down, and the pits of Morgoth uncovered, roofless and broken, never to be rebuilt; but so great was the fury of those adversaries that all the Northern and Western parts of the world were rent and gaping, and the sea roared in in many places; the rivers perished or found new paths, the valleys were upheaved and the hills trod down; and Sirion was no more. Then Men fled away, such as perished not in the ruin of those days, and long was it ere they came back over the mountains to where Beleriand once had been, and not till the tale of those days had faded to an echo seldom heard.
But Fionwe marched through the lands summoning the remnants of the Gnomes and the Dark-elves that never yet had looked on Valinor to join with the captives released from Angband, and depart; and with the Elves should those of the race of Hador and Beor alone be suffered to depart, if they would...
$ 18 in the Q II version:
Of the march of the host of Fionwe to the North little is said, for in his armies came none of those Elves who had dwelt and suffered in the Outer Lands (1), and who made these tales; and tidings only long after did they leam of these things from their kinsfolk the Light-elves of Valinor. But Fionwe came, and the challenge of his trumpets filled the sky, and he summoned unto him all Men and Elves from Hithlum unto the East; and Beleriand was ablaze with the glory of his arms, and the mountains rang.
The meeting of the hosts of the West and of the North is named the Great Battle, the Battle Terrible, the Battle of Wrath and Thunder. There was marshaled the whole power of the Throne of Hate, and well nigh measureless had it become, so that Dor-na-Fauglith could not contain it, and all the North was aflame with war. But it availed not. All the Balrogs were destroyed, and the uncounted hosts of the Orcs perished like straw in fire, or were swept like shrivelled leaves before a burning wind. Few remained to trouble the world thereafter. And it is said that there many Men of Hithlum repentant of their evil servitude did deeds of valour, and many beside of Men new come out of the East (2); and so were fulfilled in part the words of Ulmo; for by Earendel son of Tuor was help brought unto the Elves, and by the swords of Men were they strengthened on the fields of war (3). But Morgoth quailed and he came not forth; and he loosed his last assault, and that was the winged dragons (4). So sudden and so swift and ruinous was the onset of that fleet, as a tempest of a hundred thunders winged with steel, that Fionwe was driven back; hut Earendel came and a myriad of birds were about him, and the battle lasted all through the night of doubt. And Earendel slew Ancalagon the black and the mightiest of all the dragon-horde, and cast him from the sky, and in his fall the towers of Thangorodrim were thrown down. Then the sun rose of the second day and the sons (5) of the Valar prevailed, and all the dragons were destroyed save two alone; and they fled into the East. Then were all the pits of Morgoth broken and unroofed, and the might of Fionwe descended into the deeps of the Earth, and there Morgoth was thrown down. He was bound (6) with the chain Angainor, which long had been prepared, and his iron crown they beat into a collar for his neck, and his head was bowed unto his knees. But Fionwe took the two Silmarils that remained and guarded them.
Thus perished the power and woe of Angband in the North, and its multitude of thralls came forth beyond all hope into the light of day, and they looked upon a world all changed; for so great was the fury of those adversaries that the Northern regions of the Western world were rent and riven, and the sea roared in through many chasms, and there was confusion and great noise; and the rivers perished or found new paths, and the valleys were upheaved and the hills trod down; and Sirion was no more. Then Men fled away, such as perished not in the ruin of those days, and long was it ere they came back over the mountains to where Beleriand once had been, and not until the tale of those wars had faded to an echo seldom heard.
But Fionwe marched through the Western lands summoning the remnants of the Gnomes, and the Dark-elves that had yet not looked on Valinor, to join with the thralls released and to depart...
NOTES:
1. Hither written above or replacing Outer at both occurrences.
2. In this sentence, in the first “layer” of emendation, many Men > some few Men and many beside of Men > some beside of Men. Later the sentence was rewritten rapidly in pencil: “And it is said that all that were left of the three Houses of the Fathers of Men fought for Fionwe, and to them were joined some of the Men of Hithlum who repenting of their evil servitude did deeds of valour against the Orcs; and so were fulfilled, etc.”. See note 3.
3. Added here at the same time as the rewriting given in note 2: “But most Men, and especially those new come out of the East, were on the side of the Enemy”.
4. Added here: “for as yet had none of these creatures of his cruel thought assailed the air”.
5. sons > children (late change).
6. “and there Morgoth was thrown down” altered and expanded thus: “and there Morgoth stood at last at bay; and yet not valiant. He fled unto the deepest of his mines and sued for peace and pardon. But his feet were hewn from under him, and he was hurled upon his face. Then was he bound, etc.”.
NOTES 2:
There are several interesting developments in the story of the Last Battle and its aftermath as told in the original Q I text of this section. The very brief account in S is here greatly expanded, and much of the final version appears, if still with many differences (notably the absence of Earendel). That Morgoth had been bound long before by Tulkas in the chain Angainor now re-emerges from the Lost Tales (this feature is absent in Q $ 2; see pp.86, 201).
In a hasty pencilled note to Q I ($ 17 note 1) there is a reference to some Men of Hithlum being repentant, and to the fulfilment of Ulmo’s foretelling (i.e. “without Men the Elves shall not prevail against the Orcs and Balrogs”, $ 16): both by the valour of the Men of Hithlum, and by the embassy of Earendel to the Valar. This is taken up into Q II in the present section, with the addition that many Men new come out of the East fought against Morgoth; but further revision (notes 2 and 3) altered this to say that most Men and especially these newcomers from the East fought on the side of the Enemy, and also that in addition to the repentant Men of Hithlum “all that were left of the three Houses of the Fathers of Men fought for”.


VI. THE EARLIEST ANNALS OF BELERIAND (AB I), WHICH FOLLOWED Q. VOL. 4.
233-43 The sons of the Gods (66) under Fionwe son of Manwe prepare for war. The Lightelves arm, but the Teleri do not leave Valinor, though they built a countless host of ships.
247 Fionwe’s host draws nigh to the Hither Lands and his trumpets from the sea ring in the western woods. Here was fought the Battle of Eldorest (67), where Ingwil (68) son of Ingwe made a landing. Great war comes into Beleriand, and Fionwe summons all Elves, and Dwarves, and Men, and Beasts, and birds to his standards, who do not elect to fight for Morgoth. But the power and dread of Morgoth was very great, and many did not obey.
* 250. Here Fionwe fought the last battle of the ancient North, the Great or Terrible Battle. Morgoth came forth, and the hosts were arrayed on either side of Sirion. But the host of Morgoth were driven as leaves and the Balrogs destroyed utterly, and Morgoth fled to Angband pursued by the hosts of Fionwe.
He loosed thence all the winged Dragons, and Fionwe was driven back upon Dor-na-Fauglith, but Earendel came in the sky and overthrew Ancalagon the Black Dragon, and in his fall Thangorodrim was broken (69).
The sons of the Gods wrestled with Morgoth in his dungeons and the earth shook and all Beleriand was shattered and changed and many perished, but Morgoth was bound.
Fionwe departed to Valinor with the Lightelves and many of the Gnomes and the other Elves of the Hither Lands… So ended the First Age of the World and Beleriand was no more.
NOTES:
66 the Gods > the Valar that is the Gods (later change).
67 Eldorest > Eglarest > Eglorest (later changes; cf. notes 8, 56)
68 Ingwil > Ingwiel (later change). Ingwiel is the form in an addition to Q (Q II, $17, note 19).
69 Written hastily in the margin against this paragraph: This great war lasted 50 years.
NOTES 2:
Annal 233-43: The refusal of the Teleri to leave Valinor at all (though they built a great number of ships) seems to be a reversion to the story in Q I $ 17 (p.178); in Q II (p.185) “they went not forth save very few”, and those that did manned the fleet that bore the hosts of Valinor. But AB may here be simply very compressed.
Annals 247 and 250: In the account of the assault on Morgoth from the West there are some additions to the narrative in Q ($ 17): the Battle of Eldorest (> Eglorest), where Ingwil (> Ingwiel) landed in Middle-earth (Ingwiel is the form in an addition to Q II, note 19: the form Ingwil in AB preceded this), the summons of Fionwe to all Elves, Dwarves, Men, beasts and birds to come to his banners, and the array of the hosts of West and North on either side of Sirion.


VII. SILMARILLION (1937) – QS. VOL. 5.
$ 6. Then the sons of the Valar prepared for battle, and the captain of their host was Fionwe son of Manwe. Beneath his white banner marched also the Lindar, the Light-elves, the people of Ingwe; and among them were also those of the Noldor of old who had never departed from Valinor, and Ingwiel son of Ingwe was their chief. But remembering the slaying at the Swan-haven and the rape of their ships, few of the Teleri were willing to go forth to war; but Elwing went among them, and because she was fair and gentle, and was come also upon her father’s side from Thingol who was of their own kindred, they harkened to her; and they sent mariners sufficient to man and steer the ships upon which most of that army was borne east oversea; but they stayed aboard their ships and none ever set foot upon the shores of the Hither Lands…
$ 13. .... Yet it is said that Morgoth looked not for the assault that came upon him from the West. So great was his pride become that he deemed that none would ever again come up with open war against him. Moreover he thought that he had forever estranged the Gnomes from the Gods and from their kin; and that content in their blissful Realm the Valar would heed no more his kingdom in the world without. For to him that is pitiless the deeds of pity are ever strange and beyond reckoning...
$ 15. Of the march of the host of Fionwe to the North little is said in any tale; for in his armies went none of those Elves who had dwelt and suffered in the Hither Lands, and who made the histories of those days that still are known; and tidings of these things they learned long afterward from their kinsfolk, the Light-elves of Valinor. But at the last Fionwe came up out of the West, and the challenge of his trumpets filled the sky; and he summoned unto him all Elves and Men from Hithlum unto the East; and Beleriand was ablaze with the glory of his arms, for the sons of the Gods were young and fair and terrible, and the mountains rang beneath their feet.
$ 16. The meeting of the hosts of the West and of the North is named the Great Battle, the Battle Terrible, and the War of Wrath. There was marshalled the whole power of the Throne of Morgoth, and it had become great beyond count, so that Dor-na-Fauglith could not contain it, and all the North was aflame with war. But it availed not. The Balrogs were destroyed, save some few that fled and hid themselves in caverns inaccessible at the roots of the earth. The uncounted legions of the Orcs perished like straw in a great fire, or were swept like shrivelled leaves before a burning wind. Few remained to trouble the world for long years after. And it is said that all that were left of the three Houses of the Elf-friends, Fathers of Men, fought for Fionwe; and they were avenged upon the Orcs in those days for Baragund and Barahir, Gumlin and Gundor, Huor and Hurin, and many others of their lords; and so were fulfilled in part the words of Ulmo, for by Earendel son of Tuor help was brought unto the Elves, and by the swords of Men they were strengthened on the fields of war. But the most part of the sons of Men, whether of the people of Uldor or others newcome out of the East, marched with the Enemy; and the Elves do not forget it.
$ 17. Then, seeing that his hosts were overthrown and his power dispersed, Morgoth quailed, and he dared not to come forth himself. But he loosed upon his foes the last desperate assault that he had prepared, and out of the pits of Angband there issued the winged dragons, that had not before been seen; for until that day no creatures of his cruel thought had yet assailed the air. So sudden and ruinous was the onset of that dreadful fleet that Fionwe was driven back; for the coming of the dragons was like a great roar of thunder, and a tempest of fire, and their wings were of steel.
$ 18. Then Earendel came, shining with white flame, and about Vingelot were gathered all the great birds of heaven, and Thorondor was their captain, and there was battle in the air all the day and through a dark night of doubt. And ere the rising of the sun Earendel slew Ancalagon the Black, the mightiest of the dragon-host, and he cast him from the sky, and in his fall the towers of Thangorodrim were thrown down. Then the sun rose, and the Children of the Valar prevailed, and all the dragons were destroyed, save two alone; and they fled into the East. Then all the pits of Morgoth were broken and unroofed, and the might of Fionwe descended into the deeps of the earth. And there Morgoth stood at last at bay, and yet unvaliant. He fled into the deepest of his mines and sued for peace and pardon; but his feet were hewn from under him and he was hurled upon his face. Then he was bound with the chain Angainor, which long had been prepared; and his iron crown they beat into a collar for his neck, and his head was bowed upon his knees. But Fionwe took the two Silmarils which remained and guarded them.
$ 19. Thus an end was made of the power of Angband in the North, and the evil realm was brought to nought; and out of the pits and deep prisons a multitude of thralls came forth beyond all hope into the light of day, and they looked upon a world all changed. For so great was the fury of those adversaries that the northern regions of the western world were rent asunder, and the sea roared in through many chasms, and there was confusion and great noise; and rivers perished or found new paths, and the valleys were upheaved and the hills trod down; and Sirion was no more. Then Men, such as had not perished in the ruin of those days, fled far away, and it was long ere any came back over Eredlindon to the places where Beleriand had been.
$ 20. But Fionwe marched through the western lands summoning the remnant of the Noldor, and the Dark-elves that had not yet looked on Valinor, to join with the thralls released and to depart from Middle-earth….
NOTES:
$6. It is notable that the Lindar are here (and again in $$ 15, 26) called the “Light-elves”, this being a reversion to the earlier application of the term. At the beginning of QS ($$ 25, 40) the Lindar are the “High Elves”, and “the Lindar and the Noldor and the Teleri are named the Light Elves” ($ 29), thus distinguished from the “Dark Elves” who never passed over the sea to Valinor.
The words “and Ingwiel son of Ingwe was their chief” first appear in an addition to Q (IV.156, note 19). I suggested (IV.196) that what my father really meant was that Ingwiel was the chief of the Lindar, among whom went the Noldor of Valinor; not that Ingwiel was the leader of the Noldor themselves – that was Finrod (later Finarfin).
$$ 6-7. A new element in the story is the sojourn of Elwing among the Teleri; the implication is clearly that the Teleri were influenced by her in providing their ships and mariners. Elwing was the great grand niece of Elwe Lord of Alqualonde. In AB 2 (annal 333 – 4.3), following AB 1, none of the Teleri left Valinor, though “they built a countless multitude of ships”/
$$ 15-16. In the account of the Great Battle my father simply followed the opening of Q II $ 18, though the outline of a much fuller tale had appeared at the end of AB 2: the landing of Ingwiel at Eglorest, the Battle of Eglorest, Fionwe’s camp by Sirion, the thunderous coming of Morgoth over Taur-na-Fuin (this, if not actually excluded, at least made to seem very improbable in Q and QS), and the long-contested passage of Sirion.
$ 16. In my view there is no question that the words (not in Q) “save some few [Balrogs] that fled and hid themselves in caverns inaccessible at the roots of the earth” preceded by a good while the Balrog of Moria (there is in any case evidence that a Balrog was not my father’s original conception of Gandalf’s adversary on the Bridge of Khazad-dum). It was, I believe, the idea – first appearing here – that some Balrogs had survived from the ancient world in the deep places of Middle-earth that led to the Balrog of Moria. In this connection a letter of my father’s written in April 1954 (Letters no. 144, p. 180) is interesting…
On the words “all that were left of the three Houses of the Elf-friends, Fathers of Men” see the commentary on The Fall of Numenor I, $ 1.
$ 18. On the retention of the motive of the birds that accompanied Earendel (which arose from an earlier form of the legend) see IV.203. Thorondor as the captain of “the great birds of heaven” is not named in Q, which has here “a myriad of birds were about him”.


VIII. THE LATER ANNALS OF BELERIAND (AB 2). VOL. 5.
333-343 [533-543]. Here the sons of the Gods prepared for war, and Fionwe son of Manwe was their leader. The Light-elves marched under his banners, but the Teleri did not leave Valinor; but they built a countless multitude of ships.
347 [547]. Here the host of Fionwe was seen shining upon the sea afar, and the noise of his trumpets rang over the waves and echoed in the western woods. Thereafter was fought the battle of Eglorest, where Ingwiel son of Ingwe, prince of all the Elves, made a landing, and drove the Orcs from the shore.
Great war came now into Beleriand, and Fionwe drove the Orcs and Balrogs before him; and he camped beside Sirion, and his tents were as snow upon the field. He summoned now all Elves, Men, Dwarves, beasts and birds unto his standard, who did not elect to fight for Morgoth. But the power and dread of Morgoth was very great and many did not obey the summons.
350 [550]. Here Fionwe fought the last battle of the ancient world, the Great or Terrible Battle. Morgoth himself came forth from Angband, and passed over Taur-na-Fuin, and the thunder of his approach rolled in the mountains. The waters of Sirion lay between the hosts; and long and bitterly they contested the passage. But Fionwe crossed Sirion and the hosts of Morgoth were driven as leaves, and the Balrogs were utterly destroyed; and Morgoth fled back to Angband pursued by Fionwe.
From Angband Morgoth loosed the winged dragons, which had not before been seen; and Fionwe was beaten back upon Dor-na-Fauglith. But Earendel came in the sky and overthrew Ancalagon the Black Dragon, and in his fall Thangorodrim was broken.
The sons of the Gods wrestled with Morgoth in his dungeons, and the earth shook, and gaped, and Beleriand was shattered and changed, and many perished in the ruin of the land. But Morgoth was bound.
This war lasted fifty years from the landing of Fionwe.
397 [597]. In this year Fionwe departed and went back to Valinor with all his folk, and with them went most of the Gnomes that yet lived and the other Elves of Middle-earth… Thus ended the wars of the Gnomes, and Beleriand was no more.
NOTES:
Annal 350. Some new (and unique) elements appear in the account in AB 2 of the invasion out of the West. The camp of Fionwe beside Sirion (annal 347) does not appear in AB i (nor in Q or QS, where nothing is said of the landing of Fionwe or of the Battle of Eglorest), nor is it said there that Morgoth crossed Taur-na-Fuin and that there was a long battle on the banks of Sirion where the host of Valinor attempted to cross; in the second version of the story in Q $18 (repeated in QS, p.329) it is indeed strongly suggested that Morgoth never left Angband until he was dragged out in chains.
After the words “many perished in the ruin of the land” my father pencilled in the following sentence: “and the sea roared in and covered all but the tops of the mountains, and only part of Ossiriand remained”.
This addition is of altogether uncertain date, but it bears on matters discussed earlier in this book and may be conveniently considered here. What little was ever told of the Drowning of Beleriand is very difficult to interpret; the idea shifted and changed, but my father never at any stage clearly expounded it. In the Quenta (cited on p.22) and the Annals there is a picture of cataclysmic destruction brought about by “the fury of the adversaries” in the Great Battle between the host of Valinor and the power of Morgoth. The last words of the Annals, retained in AB 2, are “Beleriand was no more” (which could however be interpreted to mean that Beleriand as the land of the Gnomes and the scene of their heroic wars had no further history); in Q there remained “great isles”, where the fleets were built in which the Elves of Middle-earth set sail into the West – and these may well be the British Isles (see IV.199). In the concluding passage ($ 14) of The Fall of Numenor the picture is changed (see p.23), for there it is said (most fully in the second version, p.28) that the name Beleriand was preserved, and that it remained a land “in a measure blessed”; it was to Beleriand that many of the Numenorean exiles came, and there that Elendil ruled and made the Last Alliance with the Elves who remained in Middle-earth (“and these abode then mostly in Beleriand”). There is no indication here of the extent of Beleriand remaining above the sea – and no mention of islands; all that is said is that it had been “changed and broken” in the war against Morgoth. Later (at some time during the writing of The Lord of the Rings) my father rewrote this passage (see pp.33-4), and there had now entered the idea that the Drowning of Beleriand took place at the fall of Numenor and the World Made Round – a far more overwhelming cataclysm, surely, than even the battle of the divine adversaries:
“Now that land had been broken in the Great Battle with Morgoth; and at the fall of Numenor and the change of the fashion of the world it perished; for the sea covered all that was left save some of the mountains that remained as islands, even up to the feet of Eredlindon. But that land where Luthien had dwelt remained, and was called Lindon”.
Into these successive phases of the idea it is extremely difficult to find a place for the sentence added to this annal in AB 2. On the one hand, it describes the Drowning in the same way as does the later passage just cited – a part of Ossiriand and some high mountains alone left above the surface of the sea; on the other, it refers not to the time of the fall of Numenor and the World Made Round, but to the Great Battle against Morgoth. Various explanations are possible, but without knowing when the sentence was written they can only be extremely speculative and fine-spun, and I shall not rehearse them. It is in any case conceivable that this addition is an example of the casual, disconnected emendations that my father sometimes made when looking through an earlier manuscript – emendations that were not part of a thoroughgoing preparation for a new version, but rather isolated pointers to the need for revision. It may be that he jotted down this sentence long after – perhaps when considering the writing of the Grey Annals after The Lord of the Rings was completed, and that its real reference is not to the Great Battle at all but to the time after the fall of Numenor.
Annal 397. It is not said in AB i that the Iron Crown was beaten into fetters. In Q ($18) it was made into a collar for Morgoth's neck.


IX. MORGOTH’S RING, PART FIVE VII MYTHS TRANSFORMED. VOL. 10.
The last intervention with physical force by the Valar, ending in the breaking of Thangorodrim, may then be viewed as not in fact reluctant or even unduly delayed, but timed with precision. The intervention came before the annihilation of the Eldar and the Edain. Morgoth though locally triumphant had neglected most of Middle-earth during the war; and by it he had in fact been weakened: in power and prestige (he had lost and failed to recover one of the Silmarils), and above all in mind. He had become absorbed in “kingship”, and though a tyrant of ogre-size and monstrous power, this was a vast fall even from his former wickedness of hate, and his terrible nihilism. He had fallen to like being a tyrant-king with conquered slaves, and vast obedient armies (1).
The war was successful, and ruin was limited to the small (if beautiful) region of Beleriand. Morgoth was thus actually made captive in physical form (2)…
1. Since this discussion is introduced in justification of the Hiding of Valinor, the bearing of the argument seems to be that the history of Middle-earth in the last centuries of the First Age would not have been possible of achievement had Valinor remained open to the return of the Noldor.
2. As, of course, had happened to Melkor long before, after the sack of Utumno.


X. THE TALE OF YEARS. Vol. 11.
Version A:
533. Earendil comes to Valinor.
540. The last free Elves and remnants of the Fathers of Men are driven out of Beleriand and take refuge in the Isle of Balar.
547. The host of the Valar comes up out of the West. Fionwe son of Manwe lands in Beleriand with great power.
550-597. The last war of the Elder Days, and the Great Battle, is begun. In this war Beleriand is broken and destroyed. Morgoth is at last utterly overcome, and Angband is unroofed and unmade. Morgoth is bound, and the last two Silmarils are regained.
The only points of any significance in which this differs from what was said in AB 2 or the original version of The Tale of Years that accompanied it are the additions in the entry 540 of the statement that when “the last free Elves“ took refuge in the Isle of Balar they were accompanied by “remnants of the Fathers of Men“...
Version B:
533. The date of Earendil’s coming to Valinor was changed several times, apparently > 536 > 540 > 542.
547. The coming of the host of the Valar was moved to 545.
550-597. The dates of “the last war of the Elder Days” were changed to 545-587, and after the last words of the original entry the following was added: “Ancalagon is cast down by Earendil and all save two of the Dragons are destroyed”.
Version C:
536 [> 540 > 542]. Earendil comes to Valinor.
(Here the replacement text C comes to an end.)


XI. THE LATER QUENTA SILMARILLION
(1950s). Vol. 11 (Part Two).
These corrections are mostly no more than regular changes of name, but he made one or two independent alterations as well, and these are recorded in the notes that follow…
Changes of name or forms of name were… Fionwe was changed to Eonwe throughout, and son of Manwe to “herald of Manwe” in $ 5 (but in $ 6 “Fionwe son of Manwe” > “Eonwe to whom Manwe gave his sword”); “the sons of the Valar” became “the host of the Valar” in $ 6, but “the Children of the Valar” in $ 18, “the sons of the Gods” in $ 20, and “the sons of the Valar” in $$ 29, 32, were not corrected (see also under $ 15 below).
Other changes were:
$ 6. “Ingwiel son of Ingwe was their chief”: observing the apparent error, in that Ingwiel appears to be named the leader of the Noldor (see V.334, $ 6), my father changed this to “Finarphin son of Finwe”: see IV.196, 2nd footnote. In the typescript he let the passage stand, but changed Ingwiel to Ingwion (and also “Light-elves” to “Fair-elves”, see X.168, 180).
$ 15. “the Light-elves of Valinor” > “the Light-elves in Valinor”; “the sons of the Gods were young and fair and terrible” > “the host of the Gods were arrayed in forms of Valinor”.
$ 16. “the most part of the sons of Men” > “a great part of the sons of Men”
$ 17. “was like a great roar of thunder, and a tempest of fire” > “was with a great thunder, and lightning, and a tempest of fire”.
$ 18. “and in his fall the towers of Thangorodrim were thrown down” > “and he fell upon the towers of Thangorodrim and they were broken and thrown down”; “the chain Angainor, which long had been prepared” > “the chain Angainor, which he had worn aforetime”.
Among these later changes were also the subheadings (Of the Great Battle and the War of Wrath at $ 15…) which were noticed in the commentary on this text, V.336.


XII. SILMARILLION: CH. 24.
Of the march of the host of the Valar to the north of Middle-earth little is said in any tale; for among them went none of those Elves who had dwelt and suffered in the Hither Lands, and who made the histories of those days that still are known; and tidings of these things they only learned long afterwards from their kinsfolk in Aman. But at the last the might of Valinor came up out of the West, and the challenge of the trumpets of Eönwë filled the sky; and Beleriand was ablaze with the glory of their arms, for the host of the Valar were arrayed in forms young and fair and terrible, and the mountains rang beneath their feet.
The meeting of the hosts of the West and of the North is named the Great Battle, and the War of Wrath. There was marshalled the whole power of the Throne of Morgoth, and it had become great beyond count, so that Anfauglith could not contain it; and all the North was aflame with war.
But it availed him not. The Balrogs were destroyed, save some few that fled and hid themselves in caverns inaccessible at the roots of the earth; and the uncounted legions of the Ores perished like straw in a great fire, or were swept like shrivelled leaves before a burning wind. Few remained to trouble the world for long years after. And such few as were left of the three houses of the Elf-friends, Fathers of Men, fought upon the part of the Valar; and they were avenged in those days for Baragund and Barahir, Galdor and Gundor, Huor and Húrin, and many others of their lords. But a great part of the sons of Men, whether of the people of Uldor or others new-come out of the east, marched with the Enemy; and the Elves do not forget it.
Then, seeing that his hosts were overthrown and his power dispersed, Morgoth quailed, and he dared not to come forth himself. But he loosed upon his foes the last desperate assault that he had prepared, and out of the pits of Angband there issued the winged dragons, that had not before been seen; and so sudden and ruinous was the onset of that dreadful fleet that the host of the Valar was driven back, for the coming of the dragons was with great thunder, and lightning, and a tempest of fire.
But Eärendil came, shining with white flame, and about Vingilot were gathered all the great birds of heaven and Thorondor was their captain, and there was battle in the air all the day and through a dark night of doubt. Before the rising of the sun Eärendil slew Ancalagon the Black, the mightiest of the dragon-host, and cast him from the sky; and he fell upon the towers of Thangorodrim, and they were broken in his ruin. Then the sun rose, and the host of the Valar prevailed, and well-nigh all the dragons were destroyed; and all the pits of Morgoth were broken and unroofed, and the might of the Valar descended into the deeps of the earth. There Morgoth stood at last at bay, and yet unvaliant. He fled into the deepest of his mines, and sued for peace and pardon; but his feet were hewn from under him, and he was hurled upon his face. Then he was bound with the chain Angainor which he had worn aforetime, and his iron crown they beat into a collar for his neck, and his head was bowed upon his knees. And the two Silmarils which remained to Morgoth were taken from his crown, and they shone unsullied beneath the sky; and Eönwë took them, and guarded them.
Thus an end was made of the power of Angband in the North, and' the evil realm was brought to naught; and out of the deep prisons a multitude of slaves came forth beyond all hope into the light of day, and they looked upon a world that was changed. For so great was the fury of those adversaries that the northern regions of the western world were rent asunder, and the sea roared in through many chasms, and there was confusion and great noise; and rivers perished or found new paths, and the valleys were upheaved and the hills trod down; and Sirion was no more.
Then Eönwë as herald of the Elder King summoned the Elves of Beleriand to depart from Middle-earth….


XIII. Letter 131 – To Milton Waldman
The gods then move again, and great power comes out of the West, and the Stronghold of the Enemy is destroyed; and he himself [is] thrust out of the World into the Void, never to reappear there in incarnate form again. The remaining two Silmarils are regained from the Iron Crown — only to be lost.


XIV. Letter 297 – To Naomi Mitchison
The Valar listened to the pleading of Eärendil on behalf of Elves and Men (both his kin), and sent a great host to their aid. Morgoth was overthrown and extruded from the World (the physical universe). The Exiles were allowed to return — save for a few chief actors in the rebellion of whom at the time of the L. R. only Galadriel remained.


XV. Letter 144 – Drafts for a letter to 'Mr Rang'
The Balrogs, of whom the whips were the chief weapons, were primeval spirits of destroying fire, chief servants of the primeval Dark Power of the First Age. They were supposed to have been all destroyed in the overthrow of Thangorodrim, his fortress in the North. But it is here found (there is usually a hang-over especially of evil from one age to another) that one had escaped and taken refuge under the mountains of Hithaeglin (the Misty Mountains).


XVI. Letter 156 – To Robert Murray, SJ. (draft)
The highest kind of Men, those of the Three Houses, who aided the Elves in the primal War against the Dark Lord, were rewarded by the gift of the Land of the Star, or Westernesse (= Númenor)…


XVII. THE FALL OF NUMENOR. Vol. 5.
THE ORIGINAL OUTLINE:
The last battle of the Gods. Men side largely with Morgoth.
After the victory the Gods take counsel. Elves are summoned to Valinor.
[Struck out: Faithful men dwell in the Lands]
THE FIRST VERSION OF THE FALL OF NUMENOR:
$ 1 In the Great Battle when Fionwe son of Manwe overthrew Morgoth and rescued the Gnomes and the Fathers of Men, many mortal Men took part with Morgoth. Of these those that were not destroyed fled into the East and South of the World, and the servants of Morgoth that escaped came to them and guided them; and they became evil, and they brought evil into many places where wild Men dwelt at large in the empty lands. But after their victory, when Morgoth and many of his captains were bound, and Morgoth was thrust again into the Outer Darkness, the Gods took counsel. The Elves were summoned to Valinor, as has been told, and many obeyed, but not all. But the Fathers of Men, who had served the Eldar, and fought against Morgoth, were greatly rewarded....
NOTES:
$ 1. As Q $ 18 was first written (IV.158), it was permitted by Fionwe that “with the Elves should those of the race of Hador and Beor alone be suffered to depart, if they would. But of these only Elrond was now left...”. On this extremely puzzling passage see the commentary, IV.200, where I suggested that obscure as it is it represents “the first germ of the story of the departure of the Elf-friends to Numenor”. It was removed in the rewriting, Q II $ 18, where there appears a reference to Men of Hithlum who “repentant of their evil servitude did deeds of valour, and many beside of Men new come out of the East”, but now no mention of the Elf-friends. A final hasty revision of the passage (IV.163, notes 2 and 3) gave:
“And it is said that all that were left of the three Houses of the Fathers of Men fought for Fionwe, and to them were joined some of the Men of Hithlum who repenting of their evil servitude did deeds of valour... But most Men, and especially those new come out of the East, were on the side of the Enemy”.
This is very close to, and no doubt belongs in fact to the same time as, the corresponding passage in the following version of “The Silmarillion” (QS *, p.328, $ 16), which however omits the reference to the Men of Hithlum. I have little doubt that this development came in with the emergence of Numenor.
THE SECOND VERSION OF THE FALL OF NUMENOR:
$ 1. In the Great Battle when Fionwe son of Manwe overthrew Morgoth and rescued the Exiles, the three houses of the Men of Beleriand fought against Morgoth. But most Men were allies of the Enemy; and after the victory of the Lords of the West those that were not destroyed fled eastward into Middle-earth; and the servants of Morgoth that escaped came to them, and enslaved them. For the Gods forsook for a time the Men of Middle-earth, because they had disobeyed their summons and hearkened to the Enemy. ... But Manwe put forth Morgoth, and shut him beyond the world in the Void without; and he cannot return again into the world, present and visible, while the Lords are enthroned. Yet his Will remaineth, and guideth his servants; and it moveth them ever to seek the overthrow of the Gods and the hurt of those that obey them.
But when Morgoth was thrust forth, the Gods held council. The Elves were summoned to return into the West, and such as obeyed dwelt again in Eressea, the Lonely Island, which was renamed Avallon: for it is hard by Valinor. But Men of the three faithful houses and such as had joined with them were richly rewarded...


XVIII. THE DROWNING OF ANADUNE. Vol. 9.
THE THIRD VERSION OF THE FALL OF NUMENOR:
$ 1 In the Great Battle, when Fionwe son of Manwe overthrew Morgoth, the three houses of the Men of Beleriand were friends and allies of the Elves, and they wrought many deeds of valour. But men of other kindreds turned to evil and fought for Morgoth, and after the victory of the Lords of the West those that were not destroyed fled back east into Middle-earth. There many of their race wandered still in the unharvested lands, wild and lawless, refusing the summons alike of Fionwe and of Morgoth to aid them in their war. And the evil men who had served Morgoth became their masters; and the creatures of Morgoth that escaped from the ruin of Thangorodrim came among them and cast over them a shadow of fear. For the gods [> Valar] forsook for a time the Men of Middle-earth who had refused their summons and had taken the friends of Morgoth to be their lords...
But Manwe put forth Morgoth, and shut him beyond the World in the Void that is without; and he cannot [> could not] return again into the World, present and visible, while the Lords are [> the Lords of the West were] enthroned. Yet his will remaineth, and guideth [> remained, and guided] his servants; and it moveth [> moved] them ever to seek the overthrow of the gods [> Valar] and the hurt of those that obey [> obeyed] them.
When Morgoth was thrust forth, the gods [> Valar] held council. The Elves [> Eldar] were summoned to return into the West; and those that obeyed dwelt once more in Eressea, the Lonely Isle; and that land was named anew Avallon: for it is hard by Valinor and within sight of the Blessed Realm. But to men of the three faithful houses rich reward was given.


XIX. THE HISTORY OF THE AKALLABETH. Vol. 12.
SA (“Silmarillion-Akallabeth”) – the Silmarillion text. The Silmarillion text was of course that of B 2 (with the corrections made in C). Volume V – the two original narratives of The Fall of Numenor, which I called FN I and FN II, were printed (V.13ff.). In Sauron Defeated (IX.331ff.) I gave a third version, FN III, which I have ascribed to a fairly early stage in the writing of The Lord of the Rings.
$ 3. In the Great Battle... The opening of this paragraph in AB read:
“In the Great Battle when at last Fionwe son of Manwe overthrew Morgoth and Thangorodrim was broken, the Edain fought for the Valar, whereas other kindreds of Men fought for Morgoth”.
This was changed in B 2 to read:
“In the Great Battle when at last Eonwe herald of Manwe overthrew Morgoth and Thangorodrim was broken, the Edain alone of the kindreds of Men fought for the Valar, whereas many others fought for Morgoth”.
In SA the reference to Eonwe was removed; and similarly later in the paragraph “refusing alike the summons of [Fionwe >] Eonwe and of Morgoth” was changed to “refusing alike the summons of the Valar and of Morgoth”. The reason for this lay in the treatment of the last chapter of the Quenta Silmarillion in the published work. The only narrative of the Great Battle at the end of the First Age (V.326ff.) derived from the time when the Children of the Valar were an important conception, and Fionwe son of Manwe was the leader and commanding authority in the final war against Morgoth and his overthrow; but the abandonment of that conception, and the change in the “status” of Fionwe/Eonwe to that of Manwe’s herald led to doubt whether my father, had he ever returned to a real retelling of the story of the end of the Elder Days (see XI.245-7), would have retained Eonwe in so mighty and elemental a role. His part was in consequence somewhat diminished by omissions and ambiguous wording (as may be seen by comparing the text in Vol.V with that of the published Silmarillion; cf. also the editorial addition made to the Valaquenta, X.203) [Fionwe and Ilmare were removed from $ 4 as the children of Manwe and Varda, and in $7 Fionwe becomes Eonwe, “herald of Manwe”... This is an aspect of an important development in the conception of the Powers of Arda, the abandonment of the old and long-rooted idea of “the Children of the Valar, the Sons of the Valar”.]. There is however no evidence for this supposition, and I now believe it to have been a mistaken treatment of the original text, and so also here in the Akallabeth(5).
$ 4. But Manwe put forth Morgoth... In this paragraph my father was still closely following FN III (IX.332), but at the end, after “Andor, the Land of Gift” he turned to The Drowning of Anadune, which was thereafter the primary source, though with some interweaving of passages from FN III. In FN III the passage concerning Morgoth, originally written in the present tense, was corrected to the past tense, and this was followed in A; but it is curious that in B my father reverted in one of the phrases to the present: “and he cannot himself return again into the World, present and visible, while the Lords of the West are still enthroned”. This was retained in SA...
“... The fleet of Elros is said to have contained many ships (according to some a hundred and fifty vessels, to others two or three hundred) and to have brought “thousands” of the men, women, and children of the Edain: probably between five thousand or at the most ten thousand...
NOTES:
5. It is true that in the opening sentence of the Tale of Years my father substituted in the final typescript “The First Age ended with the Great Battle, in which the Host of Valinor broke Thangorodrim and overthrew Morgoth”, replacing a reference to “Fionwe and the sons of the Valar” of preceding versions (see pp.172-3); but he may not have removed the name Fionwe (Eonwe) for the same reason as I did in the Akallabeth.


XX. Silmarillion. AKALLABÊTH.
In the Great Battle when at last Morgoth was overthrown and Thangorodrim was broken, the Edain alone of the kindreds of Men fought for the Valar, whereas many others fought for Morgoth. And after the victory of the Lords of the West those of the evil Men who were not destroyed fled back into the east, where many of their race were still wandering in the unharvested lands, wild and lawless, refusing alike the summons of the Valar and of Morgoth. And the evil Men came among them, and cast over them a shadow of fear, and they took them for kings. Then the Valar forsook for a time the Men of Middle-earth who had refused their summons and had taken the friends of Morgoth to be their masters; and Men dwelt in darkness and were troubled by many evil things that Morgoth had devised in the days of his dominion: demons, and dragons, and misshapen beasts, and the unclean Orcs that are mockeries of the Children of Ilúvatar. And the lot of Men was unhappy.
But Manwë put forth Morgoth and shut him beyond the World in the Void that is without; and he cannot himself return again into the World, present and visible, while the Lords of the West are still enthroned. Yet the seeds that he had planted still grew and sprouted, bearing evil fruit, if any would tend them. For his will remained and guided his servants, moving them ever to thwart the will of the Valar and to destroy those that obeyed them. This the Lords of the West knew full well. When therefore Morgoth had been thrust forth, they held council concerning the ages that should come after. The Eldar they summoned to return into the West, and those that hearkened to the summons dwelt in the Isle of Eressëa; and there is in that land a haven that is named Avallónë, for it is of all cities the nearest to Valinor, and the tower of Avallónë is the first sight that the mariner beholds when at last he draws nigh to the Undying Lands over the leagues of the Sea. To the Fathers of Men of the three faithful houses rich reward also was given.


XXI. THE TALE OF YEARS OF THE SECOND AGE. Vol. 12.
The “First Age” (1) ended with the Great Battle and the departure of the Elves and Fathers of Men, and the foundation of Numenor.
… The First Age ... ended with the Great Battle in which Fionwe and the sons of the Valar broke Thangorodrim and overthrew Morgoth (5). Then most of the exiled Elves returned into the West ... The Atani or Edain, Fathers of Men, sailed also over Sea and founded the realm of Numenor...


XXII. LR (App. B): THE TALE OF YEARS.
The First Age ended with the Great Battle, in which the Host of Valinor broke Thangorodrim and overthrew Morgoth. Then most of the Noldor returned into the Far West and dwelt in Eressëa within sight of Valinor; and many of the Sindar went over Sea also.

NB: “It recalled to me the glory of the Elder Days and the hosts of Beleriand, so many great princes and captains were assembled. And yet not so many, nor so fair, as when Thangorodrim was broken, and the Elves deemed that evil was ended for ever, and it was not so” (Elrond).


XXIII. THE LIST OF NAMES. Vol. 5.
Dagor Delothrin “The Last Battle, the Terrible Battle, in which Fionwe overcame Morgoth”. The reference given is to AB x annal 250, where however no Elvish name is found. In a cross-reference in the list to the Last Battle it is called also “the Long Battle” (for it lasted fifty years).

NB: Насчет Малгалада (Амдира?) и его участия в Войне Гнева: меня терзают смутные сомнения, что его там и не было.
NB 2: О пророчестве Садора ничего не слышал и не нашел.
«Что касается сражения на Сирионе - все-таки, нескольких лет». И чем же армии питались все эти годы? Впрочем, если с обеих сторон было не более сотни тысяч воинов, если не меньше, то как-то еще допустимо.
NB 3: С военно-исторической средневековой точки зрения аналоги первому этапу Войны Гнева можно найти, например, в нормандском завоевании Англии (кстати, с прямого благословения папы римского – вручившего герцогу свое знамя – чем не меч, который Манве передал Эонве?) [Ладно-ладно, молчу, ересь] и Сицилии. Причем еще больше в первом – сначала англосаксы были ослаблены войной со скандинавами и изгнанником Тостигом, а потому отчасти и не выдержали удара нового противника – высадившихся нормандцев. Валар поступили сходным образом и оказались неплохими стратегами. В общем, ударили они очень своевременно. Да и «пушечное мясо» набрали (как и Моргот) удачно – снова из людей.
Magnus Maximus оффлайн   Ответить с цитатой из оригинала
Пред. 09.03.05, 16:40   #4
Magnus Maximus
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В общем, имея источники, можем, как белые люди, приступать к написанию.
Ах да, все ли здеси источники? Садор меня что-то беспокоит...

Last edited by Magnus Maximus; 09.03.05 at 17:41.
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Пред. 11.03.05, 18:34   #5
Helgi of Lipetsk
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Здорово! Вернусь, когда прочитаю. Насчет Садора я чуть-чуть перепутал. Это был Аннаэль из митрим (что надежнее). Так говорил он о судьбе Туора:

"Far hence, I deem, your doom lies, Tuor son of Huor," he said. "And this land shall not be freed from the shadow of Morgoth until Thangorodrim itself be overthrown. Therefore we are resolved at last to forsake it, and to depart into the South; and with us you shall go".
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Пред. 01.04.05, 19:29   #6
Helgi of Lipetsk
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Можно заметить кое-что, обычно остающееся вне внимания: полное освобождение Хитлума происходит несколько позже падения Ангбанда, последние годы войны (и, возможно, какой-то период по ее завершении) связаны с противостоянием человеческим племенам, вставшим на сторону Мэлько.

Эонвэ продвигался к северу, значит высадился либо в Эгламаре, либо в Арвэрниэне. При появлении мотива "битвы у Эглареста" смазывается тезис о неучастии эннорских эдиль, второй вариант высадки - тем более странен в этом свете.

И еще немного в исходники - Aldarion & Erendis, UT:

There is a description in a late philological essay of the first meeting of the Numenoreans with Men of Eriador at that time: "It was six hundred years after the departure of the survivors of the Atani [Edain] over the sea to Numenor that a ship first came again out of the West to Middle-earth and passed up the Gulf of Lhun. Its captain and mariners were welcomed by Gil-galad; and thus was begun the friendship and alliance of Numenor with the Eldar of Lindon. The news spread swiftly and Men in Eriador were filled with wonder. Although in the First Age they had dwelt in the East, rumours of the terrible war 'beyond the Western Mountains' [i.e. Ered Luin] had reached them; but their traditions preserved no clear account of it, and they believed that all the Men who dwelt in the lands beyond had been destroyed or drowned in great tumults of fire and inrushing seas. But since it was still said among them that those Men had in years beyond memory been kinsmen of their own, they sent messages to Gil-galad asking leave to meet the shipmen 'who had returned from death in the deeps of the Sea.'

Nonetheless they felt no doubt of their ancient kinship; and likewise the shipmen looked with glad surprise upon the Men of Middle-earth, for it had been believed in Numenor that the Men left behind were descended from the evil Men who in the last days of the war against Morgoth had been summoned by him out of the East.

Что касается больших ополчений, присланных нандор, то их расположение в тексте еще не локализовано. Мне цитаты показывал Эленхиль Лайквэндо.
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